Responses to Pathogens
When a pathogen enters the body, an antigen finds it and matches up with it. T and B cells then are attracted to the area. T cells distinguish pathogens, and B cells make antibodies. The T cell also attracts white blood cells that then swallow the pathogens. Finally, the body makes memory cells to build an immunity to the specific types of pathogens.
Inflammatory Response
Inflammatory response is a non specific defense reaction to tissue damage caused by injury or infection. The primary role of inflammatory response is to circulate blood flow to the area. As a result of the increased blood flow, the immune presence is strengthened. Some signs of inflammatory response are pain, heat, redness, and swelling. For example, a splinter can cause non specific inflammatory response. The tissue damage triggers other cells to release histamine around the area of the tissue damage. The histamine diffuses into capillaries, expanding them and causing them to become leaky. As the capillaries expand and bacteria leaks into the cell, it becomes red and swells. Compliment proteins in damaged or infected tissue are activated, and phagocytes are attracted to the area. The phagocytes then engulf and kill dead cells and bacteria. Histamine and compliment signaling die down, and phagocyte attraction stops. The tissue finally returns back to normal, or how it was before the splinter infected and damaged it.
Immune System's Response/Interaction to the Cardiovascular System
When a person gets strep throat, antibodies attack antigens or produce antigen-binding proteins to destroy the strep throat bacteria. When a pathogen or antigen enters the body, the antibody attaches to it. Memory cells are created after this to remember the infection or disease pathogens and antigens.